diff --git a/bim_vfi_arch/costvol.py b/bim_vfi_arch/costvol.py
index 06cb6e7..00c0478 100644
--- a/bim_vfi_arch/costvol.py
+++ b/bim_vfi_arch/costvol.py
@@ -15,8 +15,11 @@ def _ensure_cupy():
         try:
             import cupy as _cupy
             cupy = _cupy
-        except ImportError:
-            pass  # cupy unavailable; PyTorch fallback will be used
+        except Exception:
+            # Broad catch: an installed-but-broken cupy (e.g. incompatible
+            # NumPy) raises non-ImportError exceptions at import time. Treat any
+            # failure as "cupy unavailable"; the PyTorch fallback will be used.
+            pass
 
 
 ##########################################################
diff --git a/gimm_vfi_arch/generalizable_INR/modules/softsplat.py b/gimm_vfi_arch/generalizable_INR/modules/softsplat.py
index 2f21014..808388d 100644
--- a/gimm_vfi_arch/generalizable_INR/modules/softsplat.py
+++ b/gimm_vfi_arch/generalizable_INR/modules/softsplat.py
@@ -11,7 +11,10 @@
 import collections
 try:
     import cupy
-except ImportError:
+except Exception:
+    # Broad catch: an installed-but-broken cupy (e.g. incompatible NumPy)
+    # raises non-ImportError exceptions at import time. Treat any failure as
+    # "cupy unavailable" and fall back to the pure-PyTorch implementation.
     cupy = None
 import os
 import re
diff --git a/sgm_vfi_arch/softsplat.py b/sgm_vfi_arch/softsplat.py
index c47f07a..2319584 100644
--- a/sgm_vfi_arch/softsplat.py
+++ b/sgm_vfi_arch/softsplat.py
@@ -3,7 +3,10 @@
 import collections
 try:
     import cupy
-except ImportError:
+except Exception:
+    # Broad catch: an installed-but-broken cupy (e.g. incompatible NumPy)
+    # raises non-ImportError exceptions at import time. Treat any failure as
+    # "cupy unavailable" and fall back to the pure-PyTorch implementation.
     cupy = None
 import os
 import re