Fix caption cache timing, commit path tracking, and clean up start script

- Move caption cache refresh before UI render so indicators show on load
- Return actual dest paths from commit_batch/commit_global to fix
  caption-on-apply silently failing when files are renamed on collision
- Simplify start.sh to only run NiceGUI (remove Streamlit)
- Add requests to requirements.txt

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

CLAUDE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+# CLAUDE.md
+
+This file provides guidance to Claude Code (claude.ai/code) when working with code in this repository.
+
+## Project Overview
+
+Turbo Sorter Pro v12.5 - A dual-interface image organization tool combining Streamlit (admin dashboard) and NiceGUI (gallery interface) for managing large image collections through time-sync matching, ID collision resolution, category-based sorting, and gallery tagging with pairing capabilities.
+
+## Commands
+
+```bash
+# Install dependencies
+pip install -r requirements.txt
+
+# Run Streamlit dashboard (port 8501)
+streamlit run app.py --server.port=8501 --server.address=0.0.0.0
+
+# Run NiceGUI gallery (port 8080)
+python3 gallery_app.py
+
+# Both services (container startup)
+./start.sh
+
+# Syntax check all Python files
+python3 -m py_compile *.py
+```
+
+## Architecture
+
+### Dual-Framework Design
+- **Streamlit (app.py, port 8501)**: Administrative dashboard with 5 modular tabs for management workflows
+- **NiceGUI (gallery_app.py, port 8080)**: Modern gallery interface for image tagging and pairing operations
+- **Shared Backend**: Both UIs use `SorterEngine` (engine.py) and the same SQLite database
+
+### Core Components
+
+| File | Purpose |
+|------|---------|
+| `engine.py` | Static `SorterEngine` class - all DB operations, file handling, image compression |
+| `gallery_app.py` | NiceGUI gallery with `AppState` class for centralized state management |
+| `app.py` | Streamlit entry point, loads tab modules |
+| `tab_*.py` | Independent tab modules for each workflow |
+
+### Database
+SQLite at `/app/sorter_database.db` with tables: profiles, folder_ids, categories, staging_area, processed_log, folder_tags, profile_categories, pairing_settings.
+
+### Tab Workflows
+1. **Time-Sync Discovery** - Match images by timestamp across folders
+2. **ID Review** - Resolve ID collisions between target/control folders
+3. **Unused Archive** - Manage rejected image pairs
+4. **Category Sorter** - One-to-many categorization
+5. **Gallery Staged** - Grid-based tagging with Gallery/Pairing dual modes
+
+## Key Patterns
+
+- **ID Format**: `id001_`, `id002_` (zero-padded 3-digit prefix)
+- **Staging Pattern**: Two-phase commit (stage → commit) with undo support
+- **Image Formats**: .jpg, .jpeg, .png, .webp, .bmp, .tiff
+- **Compression**: WebP with ThreadPoolExecutor (8 workers)
+- **Permissions**: chmod 0o777 applied to committed files
+- **Default Paths**: `/storage` when not configured

requirements.txt

@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
 streamlit
 Pillow
+nicegui
+requests

start.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# NiceSorter - Start Script
+# Runs the NiceGUI gallery interface on port 8080
+
+set -e
+
+# Navigate to app directory if running in container
+if [ -d "/app" ]; then
+    cd /app
+fi
+
+# Install dependencies if requirements.txt exists
+if [ -f "requirements.txt" ]; then
+    echo "📦 Installing dependencies..."
+    pip install --no-cache-dir -q -r requirements.txt
+fi
+
+# Initialize database
+echo "🗄️ Initializing database..."
+python3 -c "from engine import SorterEngine; SorterEngine.init_db()"
+
+# Start NiceGUI
+echo "🚀 Starting NiceSorter on http://0.0.0.0:8080"
+exec python3 gallery_app.py

tab_gallery_sorter.py

@@ -1,245 +1,743 @@
 import streamlit as st
 import os
 import math
+import concurrent.futures
+from typing import Dict, Set, List, Optional, Tuple
 from engine import SorterEngine
 
 # ==========================================
-# 1. CACHED DATA LOADER (The Fix)
+# STATE MANAGEMENT
 # ==========================================
+
+class StreamlitState:
+    """Centralized state management with type hints."""
+    
+    @staticmethod
+    def init():
+        """Initialize all session state variables."""
+        defaults = {
+            't5_file_id': 0,
+            't5_page': 0,
+            't5_active_cat': 'Default',
+            't5_next_index': 1,
+            't5_op_mode': 'Copy',
+            't5_cleanup_mode': 'Keep',
+            't5_page_size': 24,
+            't5_grid_cols': 4,
+            't5_quality': 50,
+        }
+        for key, value in defaults.items():
+            if key not in st.session_state:
+                st.session_state[key] = value
+    
+    @staticmethod
+    def trigger_refresh():
+        """Force file cache invalidation."""
+        st.session_state.t5_file_id += 1
+    
+    @staticmethod
+    def change_page(delta: int):
+        """Navigate pages by delta."""
+        st.session_state.t5_page = max(0, st.session_state.t5_page + delta)
+    
+    @staticmethod
+    def set_page(page_idx: int):
+        """Jump to specific page."""
+        st.session_state.t5_page = page_idx
+    
+    @staticmethod
+    def slider_change(key: str):
+        """Handle slider-based page navigation (1-based to 0-based)."""
+        st.session_state.t5_page = st.session_state[key] - 1
+
+# ==========================================
+# CACHING & DATA LOADING
+# ==========================================
+
 @st.cache_data(show_spinner=False)
-def get_cached_images(path, mutation_id):
+def get_cached_images(path: str, mutation_id: int) -> List[str]:
-    """
+    """Scan folder for images. mutation_id forces refresh."""
-    Scans the folder ONLY when 'path' or 'mutation_id' changes.
-    Navigating pages does NOT change these, so it remains instant.
-    """
     return SorterEngine.get_images(path, recursive=True)
 
+@st.cache_data(show_spinner=False, max_entries=2000)
+def get_cached_thumbnail(path: str, quality: int, target_size: int, mtime: float) -> Optional[bytes]:
+    """Load and compress thumbnail with caching."""
+    try:
+        return SorterEngine.compress_for_web(path, quality, target_size)
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+@st.cache_data(show_spinner=False)
+def get_cached_green_dots(all_images: List[str], page_size: int, staged_keys: frozenset) -> Set[int]:
+    """
+    Calculate which pages have tagged images (cached).
+    Returns set of page indices with staged images.
+    """
+    staged_set = set(staged_keys)
+    tagged_pages = set()
+    
+    for idx, img_path in enumerate(all_images):
+        if img_path in staged_set:
+            tagged_pages.add(idx // page_size)
+    
+    return tagged_pages
+
+@st.cache_data(show_spinner=False)
+def build_index_map(active_cat: str, path_o: str, staged_data_frozen: frozenset) -> Dict[int, str]:
+    """
+    Build mapping of index numbers to file paths for active category.
+    Returns: {1: '/path/to/Cat_001.jpg', 2: '/path/to/Cat_002.jpg', ...}
+    """
+    index_map = {}
+    
+    # Convert frozenset back to dict for processing
+    staged_dict = {k: v for k, v in staged_data_frozen}
+    
+    # Check staging area
+    for orig_path, info in staged_dict.items():
+        if info['cat'] == active_cat:
+            idx = _extract_index(info['name'])
+            if idx is not None:
+                index_map[idx] = orig_path
+    
+    # Check disk
+    cat_path = os.path.join(path_o, active_cat)
+    if os.path.exists(cat_path):
+        for filename in os.listdir(cat_path):
+            if filename.startswith(active_cat):
+                idx = _extract_index(filename)
+                if idx is not None and idx not in index_map:
+                    index_map[idx] = os.path.join(cat_path, filename)
+    
+    return index_map
+
+def _extract_index(filename: str) -> Optional[int]:
+    """Extract numeric index from filename (e.g., 'Cat_042.jpg' -> 42)."""
+    try:
+        parts = filename.rsplit('_', 1)
+        if len(parts) > 1:
+            num_str = parts[1].split('.')[0]
+            return int(num_str)
+    except (ValueError, IndexError):
+        pass
+    return None
 
 # ==========================================
-# 2. CALLBACKS (Updated with Refresh Logic)
+# ACTIONS
 # ==========================================
-def trigger_refresh():
-    """Increments the mutation counter to force a file re-scan."""
-    if 't5_file_id' not in st.session_state: st.session_state.t5_file_id = 0
-    st.session_state.t5_file_id += 1
 
-def cb_tag_image(img_path, selected_cat):
+def action_tag(img_path: str, selected_cat: str, index_val: int, path_o: str):
-    if selected_cat.startswith("---") or selected_cat == "":
+    """Tag image with category and index, handling collisions."""
+    if selected_cat.startswith("---") or not selected_cat:
         st.toast("⚠️ Select a valid category first!", icon="🚫")
         return
-    staged = SorterEngine.get_staged_data()
-    ext = os.path.splitext(img_path)[1]
-    count = len([v for v in staged.values() if v['cat'] == selected_cat]) + 1
-    new_name = f"{selected_cat}_{count:03d}{ext}"
-    SorterEngine.stage_image(img_path, selected_cat, new_name)
-    # Note: Tagging does NOT need a file re-scan, just a grid refresh.
     
-def cb_untag_image(img_path):
+    ext = os.path.splitext(img_path)[1]
+    base_name = f"{selected_cat}_{index_val:03d}"
+    new_name = f"{base_name}{ext}"
+    
+    # Collision detection
+    staged = SorterEngine.get_staged_data()
+    staged_names = {v['name'] for v in staged.values() if v['cat'] == selected_cat}
+    dest_path = os.path.join(path_o, selected_cat, new_name)
+    
+    collision = False
+    suffix = 1
+    while new_name in staged_names or os.path.exists(dest_path):
+        collision = True
+        new_name = f"{base_name}_{suffix}{ext}"
+        dest_path = os.path.join(path_o, selected_cat, new_name)
+        suffix += 1
+    
+    SorterEngine.stage_image(img_path, selected_cat, new_name)
+    
+    if collision:
+        st.toast(f"⚠️ Conflict! Saved as: {new_name}", icon="🔀")
+    
+    # Auto-increment index
+    st.session_state.t5_next_index = index_val + 1
+
+def action_untag(img_path: str):
+    """Remove staging from image."""
     SorterEngine.clear_staged_item(img_path)
 
-def cb_delete_image(img_path):
+def action_delete(img_path: str):
+    """Delete image to trash."""
     SorterEngine.delete_to_trash(img_path)
-    trigger_refresh() # Force re-scan so the image disappears from the list
+    StreamlitState.trigger_refresh()
 
-def cb_apply_batch(current_batch, path_o, cleanup_mode, operation):
+def action_apply_batch(current_batch: List[str], path_o: str, cleanup_mode: str, operation: str):
+    """Apply staged changes for current page."""
     SorterEngine.commit_batch(current_batch, path_o, cleanup_mode, operation)
-    trigger_refresh() # Force re-scan to remove moved files
+    StreamlitState.trigger_refresh()
 
-def cb_apply_global(path_o, cleanup_mode, operation, path_s):
+def action_apply_global(path_o: str, cleanup_mode: str, operation: str, path_s: str):
+    """Apply all staged changes globally."""
     SorterEngine.commit_global(path_o, cleanup_mode, operation, source_root=path_s)
-    trigger_refresh() # Force re-scan
+    StreamlitState.trigger_refresh()
 
-def cb_change_page(delta):
+def action_add_category(name: str):
-    if 't5_page' not in st.session_state: st.session_state.t5_page = 0
+    """Add new category."""
-    st.session_state.t5_page += delta
+    if name:
-    # No trigger_refresh() here -> This is why page turning is now instant!
+        SorterEngine.add_category(name)
+        st.session_state.t5_active_cat = name
 
-def cb_jump_page(k):
+def action_rename_category(old_name: str, new_name: str):
-    val = st.session_state[k]
+    """Rename category."""
-    st.session_state.t5_page = val - 1
+    if new_name and new_name != old_name:
+        SorterEngine.rename_category(old_name, new_name)
+        st.session_state.t5_active_cat = new_name
 
+def action_delete_category(cat_name: str):
+    """Delete category."""
+    SorterEngine.delete_category(cat_name)
+    # Reset to first available category
+    cats = SorterEngine.get_categories() or ["Default"]
+    st.session_state.t5_active_cat = cats[0]
 
 # ==========================================
-# 3. FRAGMENTS (Sidebar, Grid, Batch)
+# DIALOGS
 # ==========================================
-# ... (Sidebar code remains exactly the same) ...
+
+@st.dialog("🔍 Full Resolution", width="large")
+def view_high_res(img_path: str):
+    """Modal for full resolution inspection."""
+    img_data = SorterEngine.compress_for_web(img_path, quality=90, target_size=None)
+    if img_data:
+        st.image(img_data, use_container_width=True)
+        st.caption(f"📁 {img_path}")
+    else:
+        st.error(f"Could not load: {img_path}")
+
+@st.dialog("🖼️ Tag Preview", width="large")
+def view_tag_preview(img_path: str, title: str):
+    """Show image associated with a numbered tag."""
+    st.subheader(title)
+    
+    img_data = SorterEngine.compress_for_web(img_path, quality=80, target_size=800)
+    if img_data:
+        st.image(img_data, use_container_width=True)
+        st.caption(f"📁 {img_path}")
+    else:
+        st.error(f"Could not load: {img_path}")
+
+# ==========================================
+# UI COMPONENTS
+# ==========================================
+
 @st.fragment
-def render_sidebar_content():
+def render_sidebar_content(path_o: str):
+    """Render category management sidebar."""
     st.divider()
     st.subheader("🏷️ Category Manager")
-    cats = SorterEngine.get_categories()
-    processed_cats = []
-    last_char = ""
-    if cats:
-        for cat in cats:
-            current_char = cat[0].upper()
-            if last_char and current_char != last_char:
-                processed_cats.append(f"--- {current_char} ---")
-            processed_cats.append(cat)
-            last_char = current_char
     
-    if "t5_active_cat" not in st.session_state: st.session_state.t5_active_cat = cats[0] if cats else "Default"
+    # Get and process categories with separators
-    current_selection = st.session_state.t5_active_cat
+    cats = SorterEngine.get_categories() or ["Default"]
-    if not current_selection.startswith("---") and current_selection not in cats:
+    processed_cats = _add_category_separators(cats)
-        st.session_state.t5_active_cat = cats[0] if cats else "Default"
     
-    selection = st.radio("Active Tag", processed_cats, key="t5_radio_select")
+    # Sync radio selection immediately
-    if not selection.startswith("---"): st.session_state.t5_active_cat = selection
+    if "t5_radio_select" in st.session_state:
+        new_selection = st.session_state.t5_radio_select
+        if not new_selection.startswith("---"):
+            st.session_state.t5_active_cat = new_selection
+    
+    if "t5_active_cat" not in st.session_state:
+        st.session_state.t5_active_cat = cats[0]
+    
+    current_cat = st.session_state.t5_active_cat
+    
+    # NUMBER GRID (1-25) with previews
+    if current_cat and not current_cat.startswith("---"):
+        st.caption(f"**{current_cat}** Index Map")
+        
+        # Build index map (cached)
+        staged = SorterEngine.get_staged_data()
+        staged_frozen = frozenset(staged.items())
+        index_map = build_index_map(current_cat, path_o, staged_frozen)
+        
+        # Render 5x5 grid
+        grid_cols = st.columns(5, gap="small")
+        for i in range(1, 26):
+            is_used = i in index_map
+            btn_type = "primary" if is_used else "secondary"
+            
+            with grid_cols[(i - 1) % 5]:
+                if st.button(f"{i}", key=f"grid_{i}", type=btn_type, use_container_width=True):
+                    st.session_state.t5_next_index = i
+                    if is_used:
+                        view_tag_preview(index_map[i], f"{current_cat} #{i}")
+                    else:
+                        st.toast(f"Next index set to #{i}")
+        
+        st.divider()
+    
+    # CATEGORY SELECTOR
+    st.radio("Active Category", processed_cats, key="t5_radio_select")
+    
+    # INDEX CONTROLS
+    st.caption("Tagging Settings")
+    c_num1, c_num2 = st.columns([3, 1], vertical_alignment="bottom")
+    
+    c_num1.number_input("Next Index #", min_value=1, step=1, key="t5_next_index")
+    
+    if c_num2.button("🔄", help="Auto-detect next index"):
+        used_indices = list(index_map.keys()) if index_map else []
+        st.session_state.t5_next_index = max(used_indices) + 1 if used_indices else 1
+        st.rerun()
     
     st.divider()
+    
+    # CATEGORY MANAGEMENT TABS
     tab_add, tab_edit = st.tabs(["➕ Add", "✏️ Edit"])
+    
     with tab_add:
         c1, c2 = st.columns([3, 1])
-        new_cat = c1.text_input("New Name", label_visibility="collapsed", placeholder="New...", key="t5_new_cat")
+        new_cat = c1.text_input(
+            "New Category", 
+            label_visibility="collapsed", 
+            placeholder="Enter name...",
+            key="t5_new_cat"
+        )
         if c2.button("Add", key="btn_add_cat"):
-            if new_cat:
+            action_add_category(new_cat)
-                SorterEngine.add_category(new_cat)
-                st.rerun()
-    with tab_edit:
-        target_cat = st.session_state.t5_active_cat
-        if target_cat and not target_cat.startswith("---") and target_cat in cats:
-            st.caption(f"Editing: **{target_cat}**")
-            rename_val = st.text_input("Rename to:", value=target_cat, key=f"ren_{target_cat}")
-            if st.button("💾 Save", key=f"save_{target_cat}", use_container_width=True):
-                if rename_val and rename_val != target_cat:
-                    SorterEngine.rename_category(target_cat, rename_val)
-                    st.session_state.t5_active_cat = rename_val
-                    st.rerun()
-            st.markdown("---")
-            if st.button("🗑️ Delete", key=f"del_cat_{target_cat}", type="primary", use_container_width=True):
-                SorterEngine.delete_category(target_cat)
-                st.rerun()
-        else:
-            st.info("Select a valid category to edit.")
-
-
-# ... (Gallery Grid code remains exactly the same) ...
-@st.fragment
-def render_gallery_grid(current_batch, quality, grid_cols):
-    staged = SorterEngine.get_staged_data()
-    history = SorterEngine.get_processed_log()
-    selected_cat = st.session_state.get("t5_active_cat", "Default")
-    tagging_disabled = selected_cat.startswith("---")
-
-    # --- NEW: LOAD ALL IMAGES IN PARALLEL ---
-    # This runs multithreaded and is much faster than the old loop
-    batch_cache = SorterEngine.load_batch_parallel(current_batch, quality)
-
-    cols = st.columns(grid_cols)
-    for idx, img_path in enumerate(current_batch):
-        unique_key = f"frag_{os.path.basename(img_path)}"
-        with cols[idx % grid_cols]:
-            is_staged = img_path in staged
-            is_processed = img_path in history
-            
-            with st.container(border=True):
-                c_head1, c_head2 = st.columns([5, 1])
-                c_head1.caption(os.path.basename(img_path)[:15])
-                c_head2.button("❌", key=f"del_{unique_key}", on_click=cb_delete_image, args=(img_path,))
-
-                if is_staged:
-                    st.success(f"🏷️ {staged[img_path]['cat']}")
-                elif is_processed:
-                    st.info(f"✅ {history[img_path]['action']} -> {history[img_path]['cat']}")
-
-                # --- CHANGED: USE PRE-LOADED DATA ---
-                img_data = batch_cache.get(img_path)
-                if img_data: 
-                    st.image(img_data, use_container_width=True)
-
-                if not is_staged:
-                    st.button("Tag", key=f"tag_{unique_key}", disabled=tagging_disabled, use_container_width=True,
-                              on_click=cb_tag_image, args=(img_path, selected_cat))
-                else:
-                    st.button("Untag", key=f"untag_{unique_key}", use_container_width=True,
-                              on_click=cb_untag_image, args=(img_path,))
-
-
-# ... (Batch Actions code remains exactly the same) ...
-@st.fragment
-def render_batch_actions(current_batch, path_o, page_num, path_s):
-    st.write(f"### 🚀 Processing Actions")
-    st.caption("Settings apply to both Page and Global actions.")
-    c_set1, c_set2 = st.columns(2)
-    op_mode = c_set1.radio("Tagged Files:", ["Move", "Copy"], horizontal=True, key="t5_op_mode")
-    cleanup = c_set2.radio("Untagged Files:", ["Keep", "Move to Unused", "Delete"], horizontal=True, key="t5_cleanup_mode")
-    st.divider()
-    c_btn1, c_btn2 = st.columns(2)
-    
-    if c_btn1.button(f"APPLY PAGE {page_num}", type="secondary", use_container_width=True,
-                     on_click=cb_apply_batch, args=(current_batch, path_o, cleanup, op_mode)):
-        st.toast(f"Page {page_num} Applied!")
-        st.rerun()
-
-    if c_btn2.button("APPLY ALL (GLOBAL)", type="primary", use_container_width=True,
-                     help="Process ALL tagged files across all pages.",
-                     on_click=cb_apply_global, args=(path_o, cleanup, op_mode, path_s)):
-        st.toast("Global Apply Complete!")
-        st.rerun()
-
-
-# ==========================================
-# 4. MAIN RENDERER
-# ==========================================
-def render(quality, profile_name):
-    st.subheader("🖼️ Gallery Staging Sorter")
-    
-    # Init Mutation ID (This triggers the scanner cache refresh)
-    if 't5_file_id' not in st.session_state: st.session_state.t5_file_id = 0
-    if 't5_page' not in st.session_state: st.session_state.t5_page = 0
-    
-    profiles = SorterEngine.load_profiles()
-    p_data = profiles.get(profile_name, {})
-    c1, c2 = st.columns(2)
-    path_s = c1.text_input("Source Folder", value=p_data.get("tab5_source", "/storage"), key="t5_s")
-    path_o = c2.text_input("Output Folder", value=p_data.get("tab5_out", "/storage"), key="t5_o")
-    
-    if path_s != p_data.get("tab5_source") or path_o != p_data.get("tab5_out"):
-        if st.button("💾 Save Settings"):
-            SorterEngine.save_tab_paths(profile_name, t5_s=path_s, t5_o=path_o)
-            # Saving settings might mean new folder, so we trigger refresh
-            trigger_refresh()
             st.rerun()
     
-    if not os.path.exists(path_s): return
+    with tab_edit:
+        if current_cat and not current_cat.startswith("---") and current_cat in cats:
+            st.caption(f"Editing: **{current_cat}**")
             
+            rename_val = st.text_input(
+                "Rename to:",
+                value=current_cat,
+                key=f"ren_{current_cat}"
+            )
+            
+            if st.button("💾 Save", key=f"save_{current_cat}", use_container_width=True):
+                action_rename_category(current_cat, rename_val)
+                st.rerun()
+            
+            st.markdown("---")
+            
+            if st.button(
+                "🗑️ Delete Category",
+                key=f"del_cat_{current_cat}",
+                type="primary",
+                use_container_width=True
+            ):
+                action_delete_category(current_cat)
+                st.rerun()
+
+def _add_category_separators(cats: List[str]) -> List[str]:
+    """Add alphabetical separators between categories."""
+    processed = []
+    last_char = ""
+    
+    for cat in cats:
+        current_char = cat[0].upper()
+        if last_char and current_char != last_char:
+            processed.append(f"--- {current_char} ---")
+        processed.append(cat)
+        last_char = current_char
+    
+    return processed
+
+def render_pagination_carousel(key_suffix: str, total_pages: int, current_page: int, tagged_pages: Set[int]):
+    """Render pagination controls with green dot indicators."""
+    if total_pages <= 1:
+        return
+    
+    # Rapid navigation slider (1-based)
+    st.slider(
+        "Page Navigator",
+        min_value=1,
+        max_value=total_pages,
+        value=current_page + 1,
+        step=1,
+        key=f"slider_{key_suffix}",
+        label_visibility="collapsed",
+        on_change=StreamlitState.slider_change,
+        args=(f"slider_{key_suffix}",)
+    )
+    
+    # Calculate button window (show current ±2 pages)
+    window_radius = 2
+    start_p = max(0, current_page - window_radius)
+    end_p = min(total_pages, current_page + window_radius + 1)
+    
+    # Adjust near edges to maintain consistent width
+    if current_page < window_radius:
+        end_p = min(total_pages, 5)
+    elif current_page > total_pages - window_radius - 1:
+        start_p = max(0, total_pages - 5)
+    
+    num_buttons = end_p - start_p
+    if num_buttons < 1:
+        start_p = 0
+        end_p = total_pages
+        num_buttons = total_pages
+    
+    # Render button row: [Prev] [1] [2] [3] ... [Next]
+    cols = st.columns([1] + [1] * num_buttons + [1])
+    
+    # Previous button
+    with cols[0]:
+        st.button(
+            "◀",
+            disabled=(current_page == 0),
+            on_click=StreamlitState.change_page,
+            args=(-1,),
+            key=f"prev_{key_suffix}",
+            use_container_width=True
+        )
+    
+    # Page number buttons
+    for i, p_idx in enumerate(range(start_p, end_p)):
+        with cols[i + 1]:
+            label = str(p_idx + 1)
+            if p_idx in tagged_pages:
+                label += " 🟢"
+            
+            btn_type = "primary" if p_idx == current_page else "secondary"
+            
+            st.button(
+                label,
+                type=btn_type,
+                key=f"btn_p{p_idx}_{key_suffix}",
+                use_container_width=True,
+                on_click=StreamlitState.set_page,
+                args=(p_idx,)
+            )
+    
+    # Next button
+    with cols[-1]:
+        st.button(
+            "▶",
+            disabled=(current_page >= total_pages - 1),
+            on_click=StreamlitState.change_page,
+            args=(1,),
+            key=f"next_{key_suffix}",
+            use_container_width=True
+        )
+
+@st.fragment
+def render_gallery_grid(
+    current_batch: List[str],
+    quality: int,
+    grid_cols: int,
+    path_o: str
+):
+    """Render image gallery grid with parallel loading."""
+    staged = SorterEngine.get_staged_data()
+    history = SorterEngine.get_processed_log()
+    selected_cat = st.session_state.t5_active_cat
+    tagging_disabled = selected_cat.startswith("---")
+    
+    target_size = int(2400 / grid_cols)
+    
+    # Parallel thumbnail loading
+    batch_cache = _load_thumbnails_parallel(current_batch, quality, target_size)
+    
+    # Render grid
+    cols = st.columns(grid_cols)
+    
+    for idx, img_path in enumerate(current_batch):
+        with cols[idx % grid_cols]:
+            _render_image_card(
+                img_path=img_path,
+                batch_cache=batch_cache,
+                staged=staged,
+                history=history,
+                selected_cat=selected_cat,
+                tagging_disabled=tagging_disabled,
+                path_o=path_o
+            )
+
+def _load_thumbnails_parallel(
+    batch: List[str],
+    quality: int,
+    target_size: int
+) -> Dict[str, Optional[bytes]]:
+    """Load thumbnails in parallel using ThreadPoolExecutor."""
+    batch_cache = {}
+    
+    def fetch_one(path: str) -> Tuple[str, Optional[bytes]]:
+        try:
+            mtime = os.path.getmtime(path)
+            data = get_cached_thumbnail(path, quality, target_size, mtime)
+            return path, data
+        except Exception:
+            return path, None
+    
+    with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=16) as executor:
+        futures = {executor.submit(fetch_one, p): p for p in batch}
+        for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(futures):
+            path, data = future.result()
+            batch_cache[path] = data
+    
+    return batch_cache
+
+def _render_image_card(
+    img_path: str,
+    batch_cache: Dict[str, Optional[bytes]],
+    staged: Dict,
+    history: Dict,
+    selected_cat: str,
+    tagging_disabled: bool,
+    path_o: str
+):
+    """Render individual image card."""
+    unique_key = f"frag_{os.path.basename(img_path)}"
+    is_staged = img_path in staged
+    is_processed = img_path in history
+    
+    with st.container(border=True):
+        # Header: filename + zoom + delete
+        c_name, c_zoom, c_del = st.columns([4, 1, 1])
+        c_name.caption(os.path.basename(img_path)[:15])
+        
+        if c_zoom.button("🔍", key=f"zoom_{unique_key}"):
+            view_high_res(img_path)
+        
+        c_del.button(
+            "❌",
+            key=f"del_{unique_key}",
+            on_click=action_delete,
+            args=(img_path,)
+        )
+        
+        # Status indicator
+        if is_staged:
+            staged_info = staged[img_path]
+            idx = _extract_index(staged_info['name'])
+            idx_str = f" #{idx}" if idx else ""
+            st.success(f"🏷️ {staged_info['cat']}{idx_str}")
+        elif is_processed:
+            st.info(f"✅ {history[img_path]['action']}")
+        
+        # Thumbnail
+        img_data = batch_cache.get(img_path)
+        if img_data:
+            st.image(img_data, use_container_width=True)
+        else:
+            st.error("Failed to load")
+        
+        # Action buttons
+        if not is_staged:
+            c_idx, c_tag = st.columns([1, 2], vertical_alignment="bottom")
+            
+            card_index = c_idx.number_input(
+                "Index",
+                min_value=1,
+                step=1,
+                value=st.session_state.t5_next_index,
+                label_visibility="collapsed",
+                key=f"idx_{unique_key}"
+            )
+            
+            c_tag.button(
+                "Tag",
+                key=f"tag_{unique_key}",
+                disabled=tagging_disabled,
+                use_container_width=True,
+                on_click=action_tag,
+                args=(img_path, selected_cat, card_index, path_o)
+            )
+        else:
+            # Show untag with index number
+            staged_name = staged[img_path]['name']
+            idx = _extract_index(staged_name)
+            untag_label = f"Untag (#{idx})" if idx else "Untag"
+            
+            st.button(
+                untag_label,
+                key=f"untag_{unique_key}",
+                use_container_width=True,
+                on_click=action_untag,
+                args=(img_path,)
+            )
+
+@st.fragment
+def render_batch_actions(
+    current_batch: List[str],
+    path_o: str,
+    page_num: int,
+    path_s: str
+):
+    """Render batch processing controls."""
+    st.write("### 🚀 Processing Actions")
+    st.caption("Settings apply to both Page and Global actions")
+    
+    c_set1, c_set2 = st.columns(2)
+    
+    c_set1.radio(
+        "Tagged Files:",
+        ["Copy", "Move"],
+        horizontal=True,
+        key="t5_op_mode"
+    )
+    
+    c_set2.radio(
+        "Untagged Files:",
+        ["Keep", "Move to Unused", "Delete"],
+        horizontal=True,
+        key="t5_cleanup_mode"
+    )
+    
+    st.divider()
+    
+    c_btn1, c_btn2 = st.columns(2)
+    
+    # Apply Page button
+    if c_btn1.button(
+        f"APPLY PAGE {page_num}",
+        type="secondary",
+        use_container_width=True,
+        on_click=action_apply_batch,
+        args=(
+            current_batch,
+            path_o,
+            st.session_state.t5_cleanup_mode,
+            st.session_state.t5_op_mode
+        )
+    ):
+        st.toast(f"Page {page_num} applied!")
+        st.rerun()
+    
+    # Apply Global button
+    if c_btn2.button(
+        "APPLY ALL (GLOBAL)",
+        type="primary",
+        use_container_width=True,
+        help="Process ALL tagged files",
+        on_click=action_apply_global,
+        args=(
+            path_o,
+            st.session_state.t5_cleanup_mode,
+            st.session_state.t5_op_mode,
+            path_s
+        )
+    ):
+        st.toast("Global apply complete!")
+        st.rerun()
+
+# ==========================================
+# MAIN RENDER FUNCTION
+# ==========================================
+
+def render(quality: int, profile_name: str):
+    """Main render function for Streamlit app."""
+    st.subheader("🖼️ Gallery Staging Sorter")
+    
+    # Initialize state
+    StreamlitState.init()
+    
+    # Load profiles and paths
+    profiles = SorterEngine.load_profiles()
+    p_data = profiles.get(profile_name, {})
+    
+    c1, c2, c3 = st.columns([3, 3, 1])
+    
+    path_s = c1.text_input(
+        "Source Folder",
+        value=p_data.get("tab5_source", "/storage"),
+        key="t5_s"
+    )
+    
+    path_o = c2.text_input(
+        "Output Folder",
+        value=p_data.get("tab5_out", "/storage"),
+        key="t5_o"
+    )
+    
+    # Save settings button
+    if c3.button("💾 Save", use_container_width=True):
+        SorterEngine.save_tab_paths(profile_name, t5_s=path_s, t5_o=path_o)
+        StreamlitState.trigger_refresh()
+        st.toast("Settings saved!")
+        st.rerun()
+    
+    # Validate source path
+    if not os.path.exists(path_s):
+        st.warning("⚠️ Source path does not exist")
+        return
+    
+    # Render sidebar
     with st.sidebar:
-        render_sidebar_content()
+        render_sidebar_content(path_o)
     
-    with st.expander("👀 View Settings"):
+    # View settings
-        c_v1, c_v2 = st.columns(2)
+    with st.expander("👀 View Settings", expanded=False):
-        page_size = c_v1.slider("Images per Page", 12, 100, 24, 4)
+        c_v1, c_v2, c_v3 = st.columns(3)
-        grid_cols = c_v2.slider("Grid Columns", 2, 8, 4)
         
-    # --- USING CACHED LOADER ---
+        st.session_state.t5_page_size = c_v1.slider(
-    # We pass the mutation ID. If ID is same as last run, scan is SKIPPED.
+            "Images/Page",
+            12, 100,
+            st.session_state.t5_page_size,
+            4
+        )
+        
+        st.session_state.t5_grid_cols = c_v2.slider(
+            "Grid Columns",
+            2, 8,
+            st.session_state.t5_grid_cols
+        )
+        
+        st.session_state.t5_quality = c_v3.slider(
+            "Preview Quality",
+            10, 100,
+            st.session_state.t5_quality,
+            10
+        )
+    
+    # Load images (cached)
     all_images = get_cached_images(path_s, st.session_state.t5_file_id)
     
     if not all_images:
-        st.info("No images found.")
+        st.info("📂 No images found in source folder")
         return
     
-    total_items = len(all_images)
+    # Pagination calculations
-    total_pages = math.ceil(total_items / page_size)
+    page_size = st.session_state.t5_page_size
-    if st.session_state.t5_page >= total_pages: st.session_state.t5_page = max(0, total_pages - 1)
+    total_pages = math.ceil(len(all_images) / page_size)
-    if st.session_state.t5_page < 0: st.session_state.t5_page = 0
     
-    start_idx = st.session_state.t5_page * page_size
+    # Bounds checking
-    end_idx = start_idx + page_size
+    if st.session_state.t5_page >= total_pages:
-    current_batch = all_images[start_idx:end_idx]
+        st.session_state.t5_page = max(0, total_pages - 1)
+    if st.session_state.t5_page < 0:
+        st.session_state.t5_page = 0
     
-    def nav_controls(key_suffix):
+    current_page = st.session_state.t5_page
-        c1, c2, c3, c4 = st.columns([1.5, 1, 0.5, 1.5], vertical_alignment="center")
+    start_idx = current_page * page_size
-        c1.button("⬅️ Prev", disabled=(st.session_state.t5_page == 0), on_click=cb_change_page, args=(-1,), key=f"p_{key_suffix}", use_container_width=True)
+    current_batch = all_images[start_idx : start_idx + page_size]
-        c2.number_input("Page", min_value=1, max_value=total_pages, value=st.session_state.t5_page + 1, step=1, label_visibility="collapsed", key=f"jump_{key_suffix}", on_change=cb_jump_page, args=(f"jump_{key_suffix}",))
-        c3.markdown(f"<div style='text-align: left; font-weight: bold;'>/ {total_pages}</div>", unsafe_allow_html=True)
-        c4.button("Next ➡️", disabled=(st.session_state.t5_page >= total_pages - 1), on_click=cb_change_page, args=(1,), key=f"n_{key_suffix}", use_container_width=True)
     
-    st.divider()
+    # Calculate green dots (cached)
-    nav_controls("top")
+    staged = SorterEngine.get_staged_data()
-    render_gallery_grid(current_batch, quality, grid_cols)
+    green_dots = get_cached_green_dots(
-    st.divider()
+        all_images,
-    nav_controls("bottom")
+        page_size,
+        frozenset(staged.keys())
+    )
+    
+    # Render UI components
     st.divider()
     
-    render_batch_actions(current_batch, path_o, st.session_state.t5_page + 1, path_s)
+    # Top pagination
+    render_pagination_carousel("top", total_pages, current_page, green_dots)
+    
+    # Gallery grid
+    render_gallery_grid(
+        current_batch,
+        st.session_state.t5_quality,
+        st.session_state.t5_grid_cols,
+        path_o
+    )
+    
+    st.divider()
+    
+    # Bottom pagination
+    render_pagination_carousel("bot", total_pages, current_page, green_dots)
+    
+    st.divider()
+    
+    # Batch actions
+    render_batch_actions(current_batch, path_o, current_page + 1, path_s)