docs: add cupy-fallback implementation plan

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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# Pure-PyTorch Fallbacks for cupy Kernels
> **For Claude:** REQUIRED SUB-SKILL: Use superpowers:executing-plans to implement this plan task-by-task.
**Goal:** Make BIM-VFI, SGM-VFI, and GIMM-VFI work without cupy by adding pure-PyTorch fallback implementations of softsplat and costvol.
**Architecture:** Each kernel file (`sgm_vfi_arch/softsplat.py`, `gimm_vfi_arch/.../softsplat.py`, `bim_vfi_arch/costvol.py`) gets a `_pytorch_*` fallback function. The `softsplat_func.forward()` and `costvol_func.forward()` methods dispatch to cupy when available, otherwise use the fallback. The `_check_cupy()` gate in `nodes.py` is removed so models can load on any backend.
**Tech Stack:** PyTorch (`scatter_add_`, `F.unfold`, `F.pad`)
---
### Task 1: Add pure-PyTorch softsplat fallback to SGM-VFI
**Files:**
- Modify: `sgm_vfi_arch/softsplat.py`
**Step 1: Add cupy availability flag and fallback function**
At the top of `sgm_vfi_arch/softsplat.py`, change the hard `import cupy` to a try/except, and add the fallback function after the `cuda_launch` function (before the `softsplat()` function).
Replace:
```python
import cupy
```
With:
```python
try:
import cupy
except ImportError:
cupy = None
```
Add this fallback function (after `cuda_launch`, before `softsplat`):
```python
def _pytorch_softsplat(tenIn, tenFlow):
B, C, H, W = tenIn.shape
tenOut = tenIn.new_zeros(B, C, H, W)
# Build base grid: (x, y) for each pixel
grid_y, grid_x = torch.meshgrid(
torch.arange(H, device=tenIn.device, dtype=tenIn.dtype),
torch.arange(W, device=tenIn.device, dtype=tenIn.dtype),
indexing='ij',
)
# Target positions
flt_x = grid_x.unsqueeze(0) + tenFlow[:, 0, :, :] # (B, H, W)
flt_y = grid_y.unsqueeze(0) + tenFlow[:, 1, :, :]
# Filter non-finite
valid = torch.isfinite(flt_x) & torch.isfinite(flt_y)
flt_x = torch.where(valid, flt_x, torch.zeros_like(flt_x))
flt_y = torch.where(valid, flt_y, torch.zeros_like(flt_y))
# Four neighbors (NW, NE, SW, SE)
nw_x = flt_x.floor().long()
nw_y = flt_y.floor().long()
# Bilinear weights
frac_x = flt_x - nw_x.float()
frac_y = flt_y - nw_y.float()
w_nw = (1.0 - frac_x) * (1.0 - frac_y)
w_ne = frac_x * (1.0 - frac_y)
w_sw = (1.0 - frac_x) * frac_y
w_se = frac_x * frac_y
# Zero out invalid pixels
w_nw = w_nw * valid
w_ne = w_ne * valid
w_sw = w_sw * valid
w_se = w_se * valid
# For each of the 4 neighbors, scatter into output
for dx, dy, w in [(0, 0, w_nw), (1, 0, w_ne), (0, 1, w_sw), (1, 1, w_se)]:
tx = nw_x + dx
ty = nw_y + dy
in_bounds = (tx >= 0) & (tx < W) & (ty >= 0) & (ty < H)
w_masked = w * in_bounds
# Flatten to 1D index for scatter_add
idx = (ty.clamp(0, H - 1) * W + tx.clamp(0, W - 1)) # (B, H, W)
idx = idx.unsqueeze(1).expand_as(tenIn) # (B, C, H, W)
weighted = tenIn * w_masked.unsqueeze(1) # (B, C, H, W)
tenOut.view(B, C, -1).scatter_add_(2, idx.reshape(B, C, -1), weighted.reshape(B, C, -1))
return tenOut
```
**Step 2: Update softsplat_func.forward to use fallback**
In `softsplat_func.forward()`, replace the `elif tenIn.is_cuda != True: assert(False)` block so it dispatches to the fallback when cupy is unavailable or when not on CUDA:
```python
# Current:
if tenIn.is_cuda == True:
cuda_launch(cuda_kernel(...))(...)
elif tenIn.is_cuda != True:
assert(False)
# New:
if tenIn.is_cuda and cupy is not None:
cuda_launch(cuda_kernel(...))(...)
else:
tenOut = _pytorch_softsplat(tenIn, tenFlow)
```
Also guard the `@cupy.memoize` decorator on `cuda_launch`:
```python
# Current:
@cupy.memoize(for_each_device=True)
def cuda_launch(strKey:str):
# New:
def cuda_launch(strKey:str):
```
(The function already has its own dict-based caching via `objCudacache`, and the memoize is redundant anyway. But the real issue is it crashes at import when cupy=None.)
Wait - actually `cuda_launch` uses `cupy.RawKernel` inside, so it's only ever called on the cupy path. The `@cupy.memoize` decorator is the problem: it runs at import time. Replace it:
```python
# Replace @cupy.memoize(for_each_device=True) with a simple cache dict
_cuda_launch_cache = {}
def cuda_launch(strKey:str):
if strKey not in _cuda_launch_cache:
if 'CUDA_HOME' not in os.environ:
os.environ['CUDA_HOME'] = cupy.cuda.get_cuda_path()
_cuda_launch_cache[strKey] = cupy.RawKernel(
objCudacache[strKey]['strKernel'],
objCudacache[strKey]['strFunction'],
options=tuple(['-I ' + os.environ['CUDA_HOME'],
'-I ' + os.environ['CUDA_HOME'] + '/include'])
)
return _cuda_launch_cache[strKey]
```
**Step 3: Commit**
```bash
git add sgm_vfi_arch/softsplat.py
git commit -m "feat: add pure-PyTorch softsplat fallback for SGM-VFI"
```
---
### Task 2: Add pure-PyTorch softsplat fallback to GIMM-VFI
**Files:**
- Modify: `gimm_vfi_arch/generalizable_INR/modules/softsplat.py`
**Step 1: Add cupy availability flag and fallback function**
Same pattern as Task 1. Replace `import cupy` with try/except. Add the same `_pytorch_softsplat()` function. Replace `@cupy.memoize(for_each_device=True)` on `cuda_launch` with a dict cache.
The GIMM softsplat.py already has `@torch.compiler.disable()` on `cuda_launch` — keep that decorator.
**Step 2: Update softsplat_func.forward dispatch**
Same pattern: if `tenIn.is_cuda and cupy is not None` → cupy path, else → `_pytorch_softsplat`.
**Step 3: Commit**
```bash
git add gimm_vfi_arch/generalizable_INR/modules/softsplat.py
git commit -m "feat: add pure-PyTorch softsplat fallback for GIMM-VFI"
```
---
### Task 3: Add pure-PyTorch costvol fallback to BIM-VFI
**Files:**
- Modify: `bim_vfi_arch/costvol.py`
**Step 1: Add the fallback function**
After the existing `cuda_launch` function, add:
```python
def _pytorch_costvol(tenOne, tenTwo, intKernelSize):
B, C, H, W = tenOne.shape
pad = (intKernelSize - 1) // 2
# Pad tenTwo with zeros so out-of-bounds accesses yield 0 (matches CUDA kernel)
tenTwo_padded = F.pad(tenTwo, [pad, pad, pad, pad])
# Unfold into (B, C, K*K, H, W) patches
patches = tenTwo_padded.unfold(2, intKernelSize, 1).unfold(3, intKernelSize, 1)
# patches shape: (B, C, H, W, K, K)
patches = patches.contiguous().view(B, C, H, W, intKernelSize * intKernelSize)
# -> (B, C, H, W, K^2)
# Dot product: sum over C
# tenOne: (B, C, H, W) -> (B, C, H, W, 1)
tenOut = (tenOne.unsqueeze(-1) * patches).sum(dim=1)
# tenOut: (B, H, W, K^2)
# Permute to (B, K^2, H, W) to match CUDA output layout
tenOut = tenOut.permute(0, 3, 1, 2).contiguous()
return tenOut
```
Add `import torch.nn.functional as F` at the top if not already present.
**Step 2: Update costvol_func.forward dispatch**
The current forward unconditionally calls `cuda_launch(cuda_kernel(...))`. Change to:
```python
@staticmethod
@torch.amp.custom_fwd(device_type='cuda', cast_inputs=torch.float32)
def forward(self, tenOne, tenTwo, intKernelSize):
if tenOne.is_cuda and cupy is not None:
# existing cupy code (unchanged)
tenOut = tenOne.new_empty([tenOne.shape[0], intKernelSize ** 2, tenOne.shape[2], tenOne.shape[3]])
cuda_launch(cuda_kernel(...))(...)
else:
tenOut = _pytorch_costvol(tenOne, tenTwo, intKernelSize)
self.save_for_backward(tenOne, tenTwo)
self.intKernelSize = intKernelSize
return tenOut
```
**Step 3: Commit**
```bash
git add bim_vfi_arch/costvol.py
git commit -m "feat: add pure-PyTorch costvol fallback for BIM-VFI"
```
---
### Task 4: Remove _check_cupy gate from nodes.py
**Files:**
- Modify: `nodes.py`
**Step 1: Remove the _check_cupy function and all its call sites**
Delete the `_check_cupy()` function definition (lines 22-41). Remove the three calls:
- Line 209: `_check_cupy("BIM-VFI")` (in BIM-VFI load)
- Line 1377: `_check_cupy("SGM-VFI")` (in SGM-VFI load)
- Line 1804: `_check_cupy("GIMM-VFI")` (in GIMM-VFI load)
**Step 2: Commit**
```bash
git add nodes.py
git commit -m "feat: remove cupy requirement gate, models now fallback to pure PyTorch"
```
---
### Task 5: Make install.py not force cupy installation
**Files:**
- Modify: `install.py`
**Step 1: Change cupy from required to optional**
Make cupy a soft dependency — try to install it but don't fail if it can't be installed (ROCm users, no CUDA toolkit, etc.). Change `install()`:
```python
def install():
# Install core requirements first
requirements_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "requirements.txt")
subprocess.check_call([
sys.executable, "-m", "pip", "install", "-r", requirements_path
])
# Try to install cupy for NVIDIA users (optional, improves performance)
cupy_pkg = get_cupy_package()
if cupy_pkg:
try:
subprocess.check_call([
sys.executable, "-m", "pip", "install", cupy_pkg
])
print(f"[Tween] cupy installed successfully ({cupy_pkg})")
except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
print(f"[Tween] WARNING: Could not install {cupy_pkg}. "
f"BIM-VFI, SGM-VFI, and GIMM-VFI will use slower PyTorch fallback.")
else:
print("[Tween] cupy not available (no NVIDIA CUDA). "
"BIM-VFI, SGM-VFI, and GIMM-VFI will use PyTorch fallback.")
```
Also stop writing cupy into `requirements.txt` — remove the `update_requirements` call and function.
**Step 2: Commit**
```bash
git add install.py
git commit -m "feat: make cupy optional in install.py"
```